Adolescent Language And Literacy Development - 1751 Words

ADOLESCENT LANGUAGE AND LITERACY DEVELOPMENT LESLEY CHU TSZ TING z5021045 Literacy acts as a very significant role in the out-of-school lives of adolescents. At the most elementary level, academics and policy makers have come to an agreement that the term â€Å"literacy† refers to the writing and reading of published texts. Nevertheless, to a more extensive extent, â€Å"literacy† at the present refers to even an artwork or a dance performance as a forms of a practice of literature. Hence, literacy is essentially all over the place around teenagers, even when they are not inside of school. Teenagers have easy access to different types of out-of-school literacy around them in their everyday lives, like newspapers, magazines or the television shows. Having an interest a passion in reading writing, or any forms of literacy can assist adolescents discover different means to comprehend not simply various cultures and traditions but also themselves. Literacy acts as a medium that can help a teenager find ways to work t hrough and interconnect their yet to come goals or future job prospects. Over the past few years, education providers and policy makers have put large prominence on the importance of early literacy, but have also paid less consideration to the teenage literacy improvement. According to figures in the United States of America, most teenagers have deficiency in the more advanced literacy, comprehension and writing skills that are significant for them in prospering inShow MoreRelatedLanguage and Literacy757 Words   |  4 PagesLanguage and Literacy what are they? How do they relate? How do we learn them? These are just a few questions one might ask them self when they contemplate the effect language and literacy have on learning. â€Å"Forms of language and literacy develop supportively and interactively. Children build on oral language knowledge and practices as they learn to read and write’ they develop key understandings about reading through writing, and they extend their writing range through reading† (Braunger Read MoreThe Impact Of Digital Technology On Children And Adults1402 Words   |  6 PagesAs a result of the of digital technology in modern society, digital literacy practices that adolescents and young adults engage in on a quotidian basis have profoundly affected not only their influence over technology as a result of its centrality in their lives but also their social skills in digital networking. Web 2.0 technologies have enabled individuals around the world to interact and communicate with one another, constructing an imagined community in the Andersonian sense vis-a-vis digitalRead MoreChoosing A English / Language Arts Preparation Programs995 Words   |  4 PagesCandidates in a English/language arts preparation programs are expected to gain knowledge in reading/literacy instruction that has been standardized to include: knowledge of standard-based learning experiences, knowledge of individual and collaborative instruction strategies, knowledge of how to incorporate language into instruction, and the ability to plan instruction that reflects curriculum integration and interdisciplinary methods (National Council of Teachers of English and National CouncilRead MoreImmigration Parents Stand As A Newcomer Essay986 Words   |  4 Pages21st century progresses, our nation will become increasingly dependent on the current generation of children, a generation that is dramatically more diverse than previous generations (Shields, Behram, 2004). Immigrant parents bring their values, language, culture, religion, and education backgrounds to our schools, enriching our educational environments (Guo, 2012). The challenges faced by many newcomer parents regarding t heir children’s schooling can be daunting (Bà ©langer, Dalley, Turner, 2015)Read MoreLiteracy Influences Child Development, Social Interaction And Development Of The Brain978 Words   |  4 PagesLiteracy influences child development, social interaction and the ability to overcome obstacles a positive aspect. If you are reading this, at some point in time someone, somewhere taught you to read. Literacy in small children can be very beneficial to the growth and development of the brain. â€Å"Decades of research prove that when young children are surrounded by literature-rich environments are spoken to and read to frequently, have the skills needed to start school and are appropriately supportedRead MoreTexting And Teen Literacy : Understanding And Knowing How Texting Affects Literacy Overall, Particularly With Teenagers1206 Words   |  5 PagesTexting and Teen Literacy My personal interest in researching this topic is understanding and knowing how texting affects literacy overall, especially with teenagers. I know that communication has evolved and as we move forward with technology, there are/will be positive and negative results that will arise and affect our daily and normal lives in how we communicate This will affect not only our day-to-day communication but also in how we learn. I would like to know more about this topic becauseRead MoreDevelopment Of Quality Literacy Programs For Children And Parents1091 Words   |  5 Pagesin health, child development, and mental health. The main focus is on the development of infants and toddlers. The main goal of this organization is to guarantee that all babies and toddlers are given a strong start in life. Promoting an understanding about key issues that affect young children and their families. Key issues include infant mental health, child care, early language and literacy development, early inte rvention and the impact culture has on early childhood development (About Us, 2016)Read MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Digital Literacy1113 Words   |  5 PagesDigital literacy helps to understand and analyze information through digital technology. The use of technology plays an important role within the process of teaching and learning; it can be used to teach reading and writing skills by using digital devices such as laptops, iPads, Chromebooks, or desktops. However, within the context of the use of technology in the area of education, and specifically in the area of language, digital literacy would also encompass its application both in development of languageRead MoreThe Stages Of Cognitive Development1290 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst psychologist to create a study of cognitive development that researchers and scientists still use today. Piaget’s Cognitive Theory includes the four stages of cognitive development from birth to adulthood: Sensorimotor, Preoperational , Concrete operational, and Formal operational. These stages include thought, judgement, and knowledge. He made the claim that children may enter these stages at different ages, but insisted that cognitive development always follows this sequence, cannot be skippedRead MoreTechnology Has Changed The Way People Communicate983 Words   |  4 Pagessend messages through text rather than voice, is particularly popular among adolescents and young adults worldwide (e.g. Drouin Davis, 2009; Ling, 2004), although females tend to send more numerous, lengthy and complex text messages than males (Ling, 2004; Rosen, Chang, Erwin, Carrier Cheever, 2010). Until recently, text messages were limited to 160 words some believe that is where the abbreviated form of written language came from. Fairly because text messaging is a relatively recent trend, there

Analysis Of The Dream Of The Rood - 1727 Words

Midterm for English 225 Please type your answers into a Word doc, save as pdf, and upload the pdf in the assignments part of our Canvas shell. It is due by midnight on 19 October 2017. Each topic is worth 20 points, for a total of 100 points. You may answer in any order you wish. . . (1) Our book includes Dream of the Rood (or cross); you can find it on pages 32-36. In your view, does this poem help us better to understand and interpret Beowulf? Should they be assigned together? In The Dream of the Rood, the Cross shows a vas sort of fidelity to Christ all through the whole torturous killing. This effective scene indicates Jesus baring himself and climbing onto the cross. He does this with much fearlessness, he displays an†¦show more content†¦Within Beowulf and The Dream of the Rood, you can perceive how these qualities were depicted by Beowulf, the Cross, and now and again Jesus, all likewise. Within these poems, Beowulf and the Cross are depicted as faithful and courageous, and Jesus and Beowulf as a warrior and a friend in need. It would make sense for us to study both poems together, although they do have unique warrior depictions. The poem â€Å"Dream of the Rood† would help us understand more about the Beowulf culture and why they chose certain characteristics to give to their heroes. Perhaps the Christian influence in Beowulf and the roots on what it means to be a warrior. (2) In class we viewed an excerpt of a modern BBC retelling of The Wife of Bath s Tale from Canterbury Tales. Does such a production prove the enduring value of Chaucer, or, rather, does it merely show that modern scriptwriters are very clever at stealing ideas—is the video about the clever thievery of modern writers more than it is about honoring the legend of Chaucer? Modern productions such as the one we viewed in class, do not attempt to make satirical references nor are they motivated by â€Å"clever thievery† of Chaucer’s work. Works like those of Chaucer are so widely known that any modernization falls flat as a retelling. Far older works such as Homers Odyssey have made immense marks in literature that as an audience one can identify parallels. Similarly stealing Chaucer’s work would be an extremelyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Dream Of The Rood1037 Words   |  5 Pagesstory where the author has the ability to control how it is interpreted. The Dream of the Rood is written so that it makes it difficult for the reader to see the difference between a savior and a warrior. If a story was written simply stating the individual’s goal rather than how that goal was achieved it would be easy to see them as a savior but it could be difficult to see them as a warrior. Presenting literary analysis from different sources will explain how the author portrayed the protagonistsRead MoreWomen in Sons and Lovers1597 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition of feminism also includes all movements and campaigns that target men and boys for gender sensitization with a goal to end gender based discriminatory practices and achieve gender based equality. Feminist literary criticism is the critical analysis of literary works based on the feminist perspective. In particular, feminist literary critics tend to reject the patriarchal norms of literature that privileges masculine ways of thinking/points of view and marginalizes women politically, economicallyRead More Freedom Through the Pursuit of Dreams in Their Eyes Were Watching God3994 Words   |  16 PagesFreedom Through the Pursuit of Dreams in Their Eyes Were Watching God   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the Civil War and the emancipation of the slaves, the ex-slaves could not find enough good work to earn a living. Jim Crow laws were installed to push blacks further away from reaching their dreams. These laws were enforced after Plessy v. Ferguson conviction that blacks and whites could have everything separate but equal. This included schools, transportation, drinking fountains, bathrooms and more. By 1914Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesHRM 28 PART 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONTEXT OF HRM Equal Employment Opportunity 56 Employee Rights and Discipline 84 PART 3 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 STAFFING THE ORGANIZATION Human Resource Planning and Job Analysis 110 Recruiting 132 Foundations of Selection 154 PART 4 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Socializing, Orienting, and Developing Employees 182 Managing Careers 208 PART 5 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 MAINTAINING

Buddhism- a Religion or a Philosophy Free Essays

string(61) " behavior Christians are expected to follow \(Betty, 2008\)\." Albert Einstein believed that, â€Å"the religion of the future will be a cosmic religion that should transcend a personal god and avoid dogmas and theology. Covering both natural and spiritual, it should be based on a religious sense arising from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual and a meaningful unity† (Jammer, 1999). Buddhism qualifies as a religion depending on one’s point of view. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhism- a Religion or a Philosophy? or any similar topic only for you Order Now If religion is defined as a system of worship or devotion to a higher deity then Buddhism does not fall under the religious category (Buddha Dharma Education Association, 2012). However, if religion is defined as a system of beliefs and rituals and morals then Buddhism classifies as a religious practice (Harshorne, 1996). The aspects of religion that include rituals and devotions are the very key aspects of the human experience. Although occupying the same socio-psychological space as other religions, they do not all necessarily share similar characteristics (Molloy, p5, 2010). Western scholars and religious thinkers often refer to Buddhism as an atheist or nontheistic religious practice (Florida, 1990). Despite apparent contradictions between Buddhism and theistic religions there are many elements of commonality. This paper supports Albert Einstein’s claim on religion through exploring Buddhism as a contemporary religion relevant to reality in relation to science, while considering the similarities shared by Buddhism and traditional religions such as Christianity. Why does it matter if we consider something a religion or not? There are Buddhists who speak confidently on â€Å"Panel discussions† stating that if using the word religion becomes a problem then they will not use it (Los Angeles Interreligious Group, 1991). Buddhism shows no concern over whether or not it qualifies as a religion, as it is a matter of belief from within and not what people think of it. Smith, a religion historian states in his works that â€Å"beliefs are not primary to religion; faith is† (Florida, 1990) which reflects Buddhism’s emphasis on the importance of karma and leading a morally-based life. Smith also strongly believes that theistic religions invented the idea of god based on humanities â€Å"ignorance, weakness, fear, and desire†(Florida, 1990). Michael Stone is a psychotherapist and a Buddhist teacher who shares Albert Einstein’s view on religion. Michael attempts to incorporate traditional Buddhist teachings with today’s psychological and philosophical understanding (Stone, 2012). Science has created an abundance of contradictory views in traditional religious teachings that Buddhism stands out as a religion which accommodates scientific evidence (The Dalai Lama centre, 2012). Religion’s importance today has come into question when analyzed through the eyes of society’s logical mind. The Dalai Lama claims that â€Å"if modern science presents good evidence that a Buddhist idea is wrong, I will accept the modern science, (he gives the example of the Earth moving around the sun, which runs counter to Buddhist scripture)† (The Dalai Lama Centre, 2012). Science has therefore made many questionable beliefs come to reality through trial and error research that many base their beliefs on evidence (Molloy, p179, 2010). Buddhism: The Buddhist religion entails a sense of sacredness with one’s self in relation to the environment and the universe. All religions are concerned with the deepest level of reality and for most religions the core or origin of everything is sacred and mysterious† (Molloy, p7, 2010). The â€Å"Three Marks of Reality† encompasses the embedded truth in Buddhist theology which reinforces the belief in having no god but rather finding the god within (Molloy, p132, 2010). Sacredness in religion refers to a dedicated practice to a religious purpose not the belief in a mystical figure who controls life as we know it. Sacredness is an interesting place of experience, and since there is a common misconception about Buddhism, the Dharma equips one to make a conciliatory meeting with whomever. The Dharma is part of the Three Jewels of Buddhism since it covers Buddhist teachings in â€Å"how to view the world and how to live properly† (Molloy, p131, 2010). The Dharma accommodates a variety of other views and appreciates those views for what they are. The emergence of Buddhism was based on the spread of Siddhartha’s teachings who was the oblivious son of a powerful king. The main components of Buddhist belief are: â€Å"karma, compassion and reincarnation†, which were conceptualized as a result of Siddhartha’s sudden exposure to reality’s misfortunes (Molloy, p128, 2010). These features influenced followers to adopt a peaceful and moral journey through life if they seek a blissful reincarnated-self (Molloy, 2010). Having experienced the â€Å"four passing sights† which involves living with nothing but oneself, Siddhartha began his journey towards becoming a world teacher (Molloy, p128, 2010). He practiced â€Å"The Four Noble Truths† which are the â€Å"truths about life, that suffering exists, it has a cause, it has an end and there is a way to attain release from suffering† (Molloy, p143, 2010). In Buddhist literature it is believed that worshipping a higher deity disregards the notion of â€Å"karmic results of action† which they strongly believe in (Thera, 2012). Similarities of traditional religions (Christianity): Religion â€Å"suggests the joining of our natural, human world to the sacred world† (Molloy, p5, 2010). Buddhism revolves around the life and lessons of Buddha, and Christianity revolves around the life and lessons of Jesus Christ, who are the two prophets present in both fields of practice (Los Angeles Interreligious Group, 1991). Both prophets followed the same strategy to uncover the worldly truths as they â€Å"stayed in the wilderness for 40 days and 40 nights’ facing evil, â€Å"Jesus by Satan and Buddha by the demon Mara and his daughters† (Los Angeles Interreligious Group, 1991). As the holiness’ representatives, both religions have a centralized authority figure such as the Pope and the Dalai Lama to carry on the teachings of God and Buddha on a global scale (Molloy, p391, 2010). Similarities in both Christians and Buddhists theological practice reflect the fact that despite the difference in beliefs in a deity the foundations share some common ethics. Buddhism’s conception of reality refers to the basics of â€Å"The Four Noble Truths and The Nob le Eightfold Path† that can be applied to the Ten Christian Commandments (Molloy, p136, 2010). The Ten Commandments represent God’s rules of behavior Christians are expected to follow (Betty, 2008). You read "Buddhism- a Religion or a Philosophy?" in category "Essay examples" The early stage of Buddhism was initially rejected as a religion by westerners. However later on, western scholars considered â€Å"Buddhist concepts of nirvana and dharma as parallels to the Western notion of divinity or God† and they refuted it (Florida, 1990). The manifestation of Buddhist characteristics attributed to God’s existence in theistic religions is partly based on Buddhism’s perspective on reality and needing no god to control their way of life (Betty, 2008). Yet religious symbolism has been an important feature of all religions, including Buddhism and Christianity. The Christians pray to Jesus in churches while Buddhists pray to Buddha in monasteries. According to Molloy, â€Å"religious symbols, myths, and terminology at times suggest a universal language that all religions speak† (Molloy, p9, 2010). The differences: While both are classified as a religion, a prominent difference and focus of many arguments surrounds the notion of Buddhism’s lack of deity to worship. Any forms of God-like elements in Buddhism are seen as manifestations of a specific physical form (Betty, 2008). Gods in Buddhism are essentially considered manifestations of distinct physical elements and mediums from which Buddhists can contribute their physical energies toward enlightenment, which is a state of spiritual understanding (Hartshorne, 1996). Buddhism does not place great importance on having a higher divinity because they don’t think it will have an impact or even make a difference when practicing their values (Hartshorne, 1996). According to Stafford, â€Å"Buddhism and Christianity have much to teach each other about Ultimate Reality—God or Buddha Nature† (Stafford, 2008). Buddhism is considered a â€Å"psychological religion† as it provides the tools within a person to attain full-fledged happiness internally rather than externally (Thera, 2012). Whereas Christianity is a religion of doctrines where the institution of the church controls Christian practices on life (Molloy, p391, 2010). Therefore the ideas of ultimate reality differ greatly as both religions expect different outcomes from their practices. One focuses on what God expects while the other does not place any expectations other than attempting to reach personal happiness. The difference in guidance received by both Buddhist and Christian followers provides an understanding as to why Buddhism may not be considered a religion by some theist believers. Christianity stresses on the importance of human action based on God’s cosmic plan to impose good morals into society to fight between the good and evils life bestows (Molloy, p15, 2010). Buddhism on the other hand focuses on personal karma to justify the good reasons behind following a morally-based lifestyle. Pope John Paul II upset Buddhists when he stated that â€Å"Buddhism is an ‘‘atheistic’’ system and that ‘‘the doctrines of salvation in Buddhism and Christianity are opposed’’ (Stafford, 2008). The Pope’s words made it clear that he believes the rejection of a dogma in Buddhism raises a lot of questions in the sphere of religion when it comes to the nature of Buddha. Agreeably, â€Å"Christians have faith in God while Buddhists have faith in something other than God- emptiness, perhaps† (Florida, 1990). Since Buddhism and Christianity address â€Å"the relationship of ultimate- God or emptiness† as major opposing elements (Florida, 1990), Florida poses an interesting question regarding Christianity that â€Å"if ultimate reality is Emptiness, is the Christian forced to choose between identifying God with Emptiness and denying God altogether? ’ (Florida, 1990). This statement supports Christianity’s set requirements for fulfilling one’s â€Å"obligations† with no room for personal opinion to God whereas Buddhism allows a progressive growth from within, with the world around in tune with one’s personal opinion (Silva, 2011). The progressiveness of Buddhism suggests that there are no implications on what one should and can believe in, in pursuit of sacredness. Sacredness can either be defined as the emptiness attained in Buddhism when enlightened or â€Å"speak of the sacred as what people hold to be sacred† in Christianity (Florida, 1990) (Molloy, p 14, 2010). The holy books are another way to identify the difference in what is considered as guidelines or expected practices for both religions as they are not used for the same reasons. In Buddhism, there are many kinds of holy books known as the Sutras. Buddhists Sanskrit, serve as a guideline to a deep reality beyond â€Å"the reach of ordinary cognition and senses† (Thera, 2012). Buddhism believes in personal reason while Christians follow religious authority (Molloy, p19, 2010). Therefore, the Bible reveals the words of God that â€Å"cannot be questioned and are a compilation of claims about the physical or spiritual worlds to be accepted on faith† (Birnbaum, 2009). Can a religion both be atheistic and a religion? While attempting to understand what the topic of religion consists of, one must consider the fact that the term ‘religion’ was developed in the western culture thus representing their traditional idea of what is meant by religion. The western perception of religion â€Å"may not be entirely appropriate when applied across cultures or spiritual paths† (Molloy, p5, 2010). In â€Å"Going Beyond God,† Armstrong argues that many Westerners define â€Å"religion† much too narrowly because they use the Abrahamic religions — Judaism, Christianity, and Islam — and belief in the God of monotheism as the â€Å"standard† of what defines religion (Vincent, 2012). In a book called â€Å"One of Faith and Belief† Smith notes that â€Å"the world’s religious systems . . . are not all variations on a theme; they do not give differing answers to the same questions, they do not operate in a common mode† (Smith, 1979). Therefore it is needless to say that contemporary ideologies about religion are no longer strictly based on teachings that cannot be challenged. â€Å"Whether we should go on or not to call it faith in God, depends directly on what we think of the universe not on what be thought of it† (Florida, 1990). New scientific interrelations with religions such as Buddhism, will formulate a new branch that is â€Å"both spiritual and scientific† which would be suited for contemporary society logicality (O’Brien, 2009). Religion â€Å"suggests the joining of our natural, human world to the sacred world† whatever that may be for anyone (Molloy, p5, 2010). Therefore, why should believing in a divinity improve the humanity-focused problems experienced in religion? Conclusion: If Dharma was assimilated into our culture as a daily practice and was not represented by the word â€Å"Buddhism† the world would be a happier place. If children had to focus on their attention in early childhood education to learn to look at their mind, to regulate their emotions, to be trained in that way then having the name â€Å"Buddhism† to represent the practice would not matter (Los Angeles Interreligious Group, 1991). If you try to categorize Dharma or Buddhist teachings it is really challenging, because it is a combination of a science, a religion, a philosophy or psychology. Buddhism can be seen as a religion which focuses on a way of life that allows the adoption of teachings in any other religion appropriate to one’s life journey (Molloy, 2010). Having drawn attention to the distinct similarities and differences both Christianity and Buddhism share this helps us develop an understanding of the dynamics present in both religions. Based on these comparisons it is clear to say that despite the differences, â€Å"Buddhist thinkers are less intent on systematizing† Buddhist thought into theories of ethical action, and â€Å"are more interested in examining particular Buddhist views on what it means to be a moral subject† (Heim, 2011). Based on my personal observations, if you go to any Asian country where Buddhism is practiced it is clear to say that the followers have very religious behaviors. All in all, Buddhists practice with one goal in mind, to end suffering. Therefore the idea of a higher deity seems senseless if it does not have a direct impact as to aid moralistically. â€Å"Answering a question such as, do you believe in a god, a Buddhist may answer â€Å"is answering that question either way, going to make me less or more sad†Ã¢â‚¬  (Los Angeles Interreligious Group, 1991). Bibliography: Betty, L. (2008). What Buddhists and Christians are teaching each other about God. Cross Currents. 58(1), 108-116. Buddha Dharma Education Association (2012). Morality. Fundamentals Of Buddhism. A BuddhaNet Production. Retrieved from http://www. buddhanet. net/fundbud6. htm Birnbaum, R. (2009). In search of an authentic engaged Buddhism: voices from ancient texts, calls from the modern world. Religion East West, (9), 25-39. Florida, R. E. (1990). Theism and Atheism in the Work of W. C. Smith: A Buddhist Case Study. Buddhist-Christian Studies. University of Hawai’i. Vol. 10, pp. 255-262 retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/1390212 . Hartshorne, C. (1996). Buddhism and the theistic question. In Buddhism and the emerging world civilization (pp. 62-72). Carbondale, Ill: Southern Illinois Univ Pr. Heim, M. (2011). Buddhist ethics: a review essay. Journal Of Religious Ethics. 39(3), 571-584. Jammer, M. (1999). Einstein and Religion. Publish by Princeton University Press. Retrieved from http://press. princeton. edu/chapters/s6681. pdf Los Angeles Interreligious Group (1991). An Early Journey. Buddhist-Catholic Dialogue. Retrieved from http://monasticdialog. com/a. php? id=334 Molloy, M. (2010). Experiencing the World’s Religions. Tradition, Challenge, and Change. McGraw Hill. Fifth ed. O’Brien, B. (2009). Why Buddhism Is a Religion, and Why It Matters. Religion and Spirituality. Retrieved from About. com Tablan, F. E. (2011). Towards a Buddhist-Catholic interreligious encounter: a Southeast Asian perspective. Studies In Interreligious Dialogue. 21(2), p188-210. The Dalai Lama Centre (2012). â€Å"Happy Night in Canada: The Dalai Lama and Leading Scientists Search for Happiness†. For Peace and Education. Retrieved from http://dalailamacenter. org/learn/â€Å"happy-night-canada-dalai-lama-and-leading-scientists-search-happiness† Thera, N. (2012). Buddhism and the God-idea. BuddhaNet edition. Retrieved from http://www. accesstoinsight. org/lib/authors/nyanaponika/godidea. html Stone, S. M. (2012). About. Centre of Gravity. Retrieved from http://www. centreofgravity. org/m_stone/ Silva. D. L. (2011). Radical Therapy. Buddhist Precepts in the Modern World. Retrieved from http://www. accesstoinsight. org/lib/authors/desilva/bl123. html Smith,W. C. (1979). Faith and Belief: The Difference Between Them. Princeton N, J. Princeton University Press. Retrieved from http://www. amazon. ca/Faith-Belief-Difference-Between-Them/dp/1851681655 Vincent, H. (2012). Christian Buddhism?. Buddhist Geeks. Retrieved from http://www. buddhistgeeks. com/2010/08/christian-buddhism/ How to cite Buddhism- a Religion or a Philosophy?, Essay examples

Volvo Logistics Portfolio Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Volvo Logistics for Portfolio Analysis. Answer: Introduction: Volvo Logistics adopted a three-step purchasing model. Related three-step models could be seen in the records as well. Olsen Ellram, for example, use an analogous model yet in a somewhat separate order. In their portfolio design, the primary step is to investigate the companies original purchases by providing answers to specific factors and then put the examined products or investments into their portfolio design. In this way, an excellent policy for the goods is produced. HCC is a global healthcare corporation that serves in more than 100 nations hiring over 50,000 individuals globally. Inside HCC, the facility management (FM) unit is accountable for regulating all those services needed to run the company. The FM management team contains agents of the chief HCC internal shareholders, viz., FM administration, acquisition, economics, and HR. While this provider function had a notable mass of its labor force outsourced over various service channels to provide suppliers, the present FM profit base was recognized to be extremely organization-centric because of an on-core section when analyzed with external standards. HCC evaluated its FM facility support capacity to learn if it can be administered in a further effective way. The study showed that the company favored operating in a conventional procurement pattern in which it was high at supervising providers rather than toiling beside them. HCC happened to face a strategic necessity to concentrate on the actual business, modification shots and adjustment of expenses to a declining income stream. In this circumstances, it became apparent to the FM management team that support control was not simply an on core trade action but also a section where innovation is needing. The survey of HCC headed to a business settlement to develop the capability of the FM aid delivery. This expected the FM management unit to concentrate on two vital goals: (i) to generate a suitable acquiring model and vendor relations, and (ii) to remodel the resource base to match the continuing demands of the trade. The creative sourcing standard that developed from the four stages of the activity analysis is dependent on the expansion of a multi-supplier situation; that is recognized by the name "the FM ecosystem," in where HCC served as an associate with its tactical FM assistance suppliers. Though HCC has some vendors delivering commodities and services, operating and expanding a relation with some vendors were deemed superior to obtain potency and abilities additions alongwith the FM operations. Classification of internal shareholders and their hopes An interdisciplinary unit was built. It involved agents from HCC (the in-house consumer), operations, acquisition, economics, and HR. Every one of these in-house shareholders in FM had distinct and varying demands, concerning a provider creation program. The development of FM management unit was a chief agency for negotiation among the different internal shareholders. Provider selection The FM management unit held a multi-shareholder workshop to recognize their chief providers. The researchers (authors) chose to use the Kraljic Portfolio matrix model (Kraljic, 1983) to promote this method. Utilizing the Kraljic Portfolio matrix model for supply as a microscope for vendor classification, the management unit classified each of the existing provider conditions concerning gain influence and supply danger and balanced them to the four quarters of the Kraljic matrix model. None of the FM supply divisions were recognized as an equal for the tactical quadrant. It deserted the FM leadership team with the difficulty of choosing vendors of non-strategic acquired object classifications and to operate with them to promote cooperative value-producing tactical assistance resolutions. It was eventually determined that, through both obtaining expense and classification extension potential, 15 vendors had the capability to turn into strategic associates by partaking in a cooperative innovation agenda. Reconciliation of all shareholder anticipations The first step carried out by the FM service team in reconciling suppliers' anticipations was to express their intention to shift to a fresh acquisition policy based on cooperative innovation. They achieved so by summoning each of those 15 selected chief vendors to proffer for a single or multiple probable service systems recognized. The official invitation for one tender (RFT) report furnished particulars of HCC's understanding of the production channel content of the latest service systems. Everyone except one of the providers consented to partake in the activity. One provider chose not to engage and took the unavoidable outcome of non-participation: a notable decrease in sales revenue from its partnership with HCC. The vendor agents visited a two-day workshop throughout which the studio HCC FM supervisors shared a candid summary of their creative aims and enthusiasm in changing from consumer command-and-control to advancement of an extensive culture of cooperation with strategic providers. Analysis of co-creation exercises by the FM service scorebook The representatives of FM ecosystem assembled each three months to carry out one "temperature check" applying a 0100 scale. This concerned agents of the 14 diplomatic providers, additionally the HCC, FM management team, individually evaluating the influence of eight acts on three aspects, viz. commitment, collaboration and participation, and reformation. The activity added to the scorebook: Client satisfaction: enhanced levels of in-house consumer satisfaction were reported as an immediate consequence of the augmented FM facility reserve. Staff satisfaction: the activity generated favorable results on the practical commitment of the entire FM Association and improved full FM capacity. Constant improvement: HCC explained that a current operating pattern for FM facility provision had induced meaningful service addition which had a productive influence on the profitableness. Commercial targets: the fresh business model promoted a more efficient application of non-core resources and lessened investment on those and procedures by 20 million pounds in one year. The analysis assists in choosing the strategic providers by recognizing the major behavioral scales and negotiating those by FM ecosystem program. Some particular purposes of HCC and its multi-shareholders were developed into important regulatory decision scales for assessing the strategic providers. The decision scales explained how the company should cooperate and participate with its providers to essentially unlock addition from the stock base, thereby enhancing and diminishing service danger. Though advantage co-creation has gained much recognition from scholars, its employment in multi-shareholder collaboration outlook is yet under-researched. Unlike conventional standards and methods that scale suppliers' achievement using optimistic approaches, inside the HCC ecosystem pattern vendor achievement is assessed through individual behavioral scales employing a pragmatic strategy (Nudurupati et al., 2015). Placement of commodities Time does not stand still, and it will be severe for any business if no improvement would be performed in its technical basis. Throughout its survival, the Kraljic's prototype has demonstrated its importance. However, the model wants an efficient dynamic shape. It is not a flash shot but requires fixing and verifying each time repeatedly in order to receive the most returns from it. The customer should always remember what he aspires to accomplish. In accordance to Gelderman, the heart of every purchasers movement should concern leverage commodities to make the stockholders content by boosting gain by low costs. Tools could be obtained in reversed auctions. For natural assets, profit is to be accomplished through decreasing treatment related with procuring. Limited or no honor will be established with these assets, so it should be done with fewer people. The devices in this matter are for example E-acquisition and E-ordering. In regard to strategic studies Kraljic suggests an association with a provider. Easy to say than done. Maximum efforts to install these designs will disappoint. Relations in procuring hold much in common with social connections. Faith is usually the stumbling rock to construct anything permanent. Yet partnership is the answer to profit in this section of the model. However like with any circumstances with bottleneck commodities, one can encounter a challenging assignment. Certain features go past control, and one can be too tiny to replace them. In this situation, the single thing one can do is to admit and wish for a radiant future (Kraljic 1983). Figure 2 This Risk-Value Matrix of Kraljic is an exceptional idea of considering on the B2B purchasing (i.e. supply chain, acquisition) and B2B retailing method. Plus it is very crucial to recall to remember the assistance components of the both leverage and bottleneck things. It is since the Kraljic design came around at a point where production and commodities were all one was considering about, and permanent workers with companies performed many tasks. To explain, thinking of a bottleneck object like a particular kind of stainless steel atmospheric valve in a food producing factory in advanced country markets fits as a leverage article for new plants in abroad expanding markets. Being a leverage good: The valve businesspeople are very enthusiastic in trading masses of pipes and could only obtain massive quantities in new markets where several valves are required for new plants. In those new plants that can be in international growth markets the pipes are leverage objects according to the Kraljic Matrix. Consequently, there will be an RFP and auctioning activity, and a bunch of B2B trades effort will be required with chances of a huge payoff with engaging the significant transaction. The RFP may be simply for the pipes since there may be a different agreement for establishing the factory and machinery that proceeds to a separate installer/service supplier ("StratoServe", 2014). Being a bottleneck article: The same pipe turns into a bottleneck product for surviving plants in advanced nation markets. The pipe is not really costly as opposed to the tools but generation would halt if the pipe collapsed, therefore, B2B supply peoples would admit having a few additional valves so that no disaster is there.The pipe marketers are glad to export a few pipes and may have greater pricing for small shipments. In this event, the ability and assistance needed to repair the valve may not be accessible for workers in the operating factory because subsistence can be outsourced to a constructor to lessen operation expense on full-time facility maintenance associations (Padhi, Wagner, Aggarwal, 2012). B2B customers and clients should, therefore, reflect explicitly on how the valve will be placed in (a) the leverage current factory conditions and (b) the bottleneck existing plant conditions. Because the valve without perfect installation will not produce the answer, it is assumed to provide. The three procuring strategies showed by Kraljic are: Exploit Getting the maximum of superior purchasing power to obtain excellent rates and long-term deals from plenty of vendors, to lessen the supply peril associated with these valuable items. One may also be qualified to perform "spot purchases" of particular shipments of the article if a specific vendor extends a problem ("www.linkedin.com", 2016). The sole real discretion is not to use any competitive strategy too faraway, in case conditions improve. Balance Choose a middle path among the exploitation strategy and the diversification strategy. Diversify Decrease the supply hazards by exploring alternative providers or alternative commodities. For instance, as a logistics standard, one can employ the train to send some overland cargo alternative to depending entirely on trucking businesses. One can also improve their purchasing power by merging with a particular supplier. Moreover, in other circumstances, one could carry on the generation of the product in-house ("How to select strategic suppliers using portfolio analysis | Acuity (Consultants) Ltd", 2016). Other subsequent 4-quadrant supply positioning models have tried to decide the policies to a sole advancement for every quarter. Gelderman and Van Weele projected strategic directions for every quadrants: inside the tactical quadrant, the option is to locate a new provider, recognize the locked-in joint venture, or preserve the strategic joint venture; mirroring Kraljics strategies exploit, diversify or balance. They also finished off with saying that it is impossible to infer stratagems from a 2-dimensional case examination. Other features required to be regarded are: The in general business policy The specific circumstances in supply markets The capacities and intentions of individual suppliers Where they anticipated finding equilibrium of supremacy inside the strategic quarter, they in fact found that provider domination reigned ("Segmenting Supply Chain Using Kraljic Matrix", 2016). References How to select strategic suppliers using portfolio analysis | Acuity (Consultants) Ltd. (2016). Acuity (Consultants) Ltd. Retrieved 25 August 2016, from https://acuityconsultants.com/wp/2012/02/how-to-select-suppliers-to-add-value-beware-the-suppliers-perspective/ Kraljic, P. (1983). Purchasing must become supply management.Harvard business review,61(5), 109-117. Me, M., Ohno, R. (2012). The impact of changing lead-time on inbound logistics performance in a global supply chain-a case study based on Volvo Powertrain Corporation. Mandal, S., Bhattacharya, S. (2013). 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